Tourism Informatics Visual Travel Recommender Systems, Social Communities, and User Interface Design

Table of Contents
Foreword ............................................................................................................................................. xv
Preface ................................................................................................................................................ xvi
Acknowledgment ..............................................................................................................................xviii
Section 1
Travel Recommender Systems for E-Tourism
Chapter 1
Building Visual Travel Recommender Systems and Tourism Communities for Effective
User Experience ...................................................................................................................................... 1
Nalin Sharda, Victoria University, Australia
Chapter 2
Semantic User Model Inferences for Travel Recommender Systems .................................................. 22
Yanwu Yang, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
Chapter 3
Developing Knowledge-Based Travel Advisor Systems: A Case Study .............................................. 38
Dietmar Jannach, Technische Universität Dortmund, Germany
Markus Zanker, University Klagenfurt, Austria
Markus Jessenitschnig, University Klagenfurt, Austria
Chapter 4
Multiagent Truth Maintenance Applied to a Tourism Recommender System ...................................... 54
Fabiana Lorenzi, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Brasil and
Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA), Brasil
Ana Bazzan, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Brasil
Mara Abel, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Brasil
Chapter 5
Exploiting a Map-Based Interface in Conversational Recommender Systems for Mobile
Travelers................................................................................................................................................ 73
.
Francesco Ricci, Free University of Bolzano, Italy
Quang Nhat Nguyen, Hanoi University of Technology, Vietnam
Olga Averjanova, Image Data Systems Ltd, UK
Section 2
Social Communities in E-Tourism
Chapter 6
A Study of Web 2.0 Tourism Sites: A Usability and Web Features Perspective.................................... 95
Carmine Sellitto, Victoria University, Australia
Stephen Burgess, Victoria University, Australia
Carmen Cox, Southern Cross University, Australia
Jeremy Buultjens, Southern Cross University, Australia
Chapter 7
Facebook, Friends and Photos: A Snapshot into Social Networking for Generating
Travel Ideas.......................................................................................................................................... 115
Leanne White, Victoria University, Australia
Chapter 8
Virtual Travel Community: Bridging Travellers and Locals............................................................... 130
Jin Young Chung, Texas A&M University, USA
Dimitrios Buhalis, Bournemouth University, UK
Chapter 9
Progressive Tourism: Integrating Social, Transportation, and Data Networks.................................... 145
Edward Pultar, University of California, Santa Barbara, USA
Martin Raubal, University of California, Santa Barbara, USA
Section 3
User Interface Aspects of E-Tourism
Chapter 10
Model-Based User Interface Generation for Mobile Tourism Applications and Services.................. 161
M. O. Adigun, University of Zululand, South Africa
A. O. Ipadeola, University of Zululand, South Africa
O. O. Olugbara, University of Zululand, South Africa
Chapter 11
Visiting Tourist Landmarks in Virtual Reality Systems by Real-Walking.......................................... 180
F. Steinicke, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Germany
G. Bruder, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Germany
J. Jerald, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
H. Frenz, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Germany
M. Lappe, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Germany
Chapter 12
Developing Web3D Tools for Promoting the European Heritage....................................................... 194
Francesco Bellotti, University of Genoa, Italy
Riccardo Berta, University of Genoa, Italy
Alessandro De Gloria, University of Genoa, Italy
Ludovica Primavera, University of Genoa, Italy
Chapter 13
Itchy Feet: A 3D E-Tourism Environment .......................................................................................... 209
Ingo Seidel, Matrixware Information Services GmbH, Austria
Markus Gärtner, Matrixware Information Services GmbH, Austria
Michael Pöttler, Vienna University of Technology, Austria
Helmut Berger, Matrixware Information Services GmbH, Austria
Michael Dittenbach, Matrixware Information Services GmbH, Austria
Dieter Merkl, Vienna University of Technology, Austria
Chapter 14
The Use of Photographs on Consumer Generated Content Websites:
Practical Implications for Destination Image Analysis ....................................................................... 243
Doris Schmallegger, James Cook University, Australia
Dean Carson, Charles Darwin University, Australia
Damien Jacobsen, Charles Darwin University, Australia
Section 4
Selected Further Reading
Chapter 15
Developing Visual Tourism Recommender Systems .......................................................................... 262
Mohan Ponnada, Victoria University, Australia
Roopa Jakkilinki, Victoria University, Australia
Nalin Sharda, Victoria University, Australia
Chapter 16
A Framework for Ontology-Based Tourism Application Generator ................................................... 276
Roopa Jakkilinki, Victoria University, Australia
Nalin Sharda, Victoria University, Australia
Compilation of References .............................................................................................................. 295
About the Contributors ................................................................................................................... 322
Index ................................................................................................................................................... 330


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Ambient Findability

How do you find your way in an age of information overload? How can you filter streams of complex information to pull out only what you want? Why does it matter how information is structured when Google seems to magically bring up the right answer to your questions? What does it mean to be "findable" in this day and age?
This eye-opening new book examines the convergence of information and connectivity. Written by Peter Morville, author of the groundbreaking Information Architecture for the World Wide Web, the book defines our current age as a state of unlimited findability. In other words, anyone can find anything at any time. Complete navigability.
Morville discusses the Internet, GIS, and other network technologies that are coming together to make unlimited findability possible. He explores how the melding of these innovations impacts society, since Web access is now a standard requirement for successful people and businesses. But before he does that, Morville looks back at the history of wayfinding and human evolution, suggesting that our fear of being lost has driven us to create maps, charts, and now, the mobile Internet.
The book's central thesis is that information literacy, information architecture, and usability are all critical components of this new world order. Hand in hand with that is the contention that only by planning and designing the best possible software, devices, and Internet, will we be able to maintain this connectivity in the future. Morville's book is highlighted with full color illustrations and rich examples that bring his prose to life.
Ambient Findability doesn't preach or pretend to know all the answers. Instead, it presents research, stories, and examples in support of its novel ideas. Are we truly at a critical point in our evolution where the quality of our digital networks will dictate how we behave as a species? Is findability indeed the primary key to a successful global marketplace in the 21st century and beyond. Peter Morville takes you on a thought-provoking tour of these memes and more -- ideas that will not only fascinate but will stir your creativity in practical ways that you can apply to your work immediately.




Copyright


Dedication


About the Author


Preface



Organization of This Book



Safari Enabled



Contacting the Author



Contacting O'Reilly



Acknowledgments


Chapter 1. Lost and Found



Section 1.1. Definition



Section 1.2. Information Literacy



Section 1.3. Business Value



Section 1.4. Paradise Lost


Chapter 2. A Brief History of Wayfinding



Section 2.1. All Creatures Great and Small



Section 2.2. Human Wayfinding in Natural Habitats



Section 2.3. Maps and Charts



Section 2.4. The Built Environment



Section 2.5. Wayfinding in the Noosphere



Section 2.6. The Web



Section 2.7. The Baldwin Effect


Chapter 3. Information Interaction



Section 3.1. Defining Information



Section 3.2. Information Retrieval



Section 3.3. Language and Representation



Section 3.4. The People Problem



Section 3.5. Information Interaction


Chapter 4. Intertwingled



Section 4.1. Everyware



Section 4.2. Wayfinding 2.0



Section 4.3. Findable Objects



Section 4.4. Impots



Section 4.5. Exports



Section 4.6. Convergence



Section 4.7. Asylum


Chapter 5. Push and Pull



Section 5.1. Marketing



Section 5.2. Design



Section 5.3. Findability Hacks



Section 5.4. Personalization



Section 5.5. Ebb and Flow


Chapter 6. The Sociosemantic Web



Section 6.1. Us and Them



Section 6.2. The Social Life of Metadata



Section 6.3. Documents



Section 6.4. A Walk in the Park


Chapter 7. Inspired Decisions



Section 7.1. Bounded Irrationality



Section 7.2. Informed Decisions



Section 7.3. Network Culture



Section 7.4. The Body Politic



Section 7.5. Information Overload



Section 7.6. Graffiti Theory



Section 7.7. Sources of Inspiration



Section 7.8. Ambient Findability


Colophon



About the Author



Colophon


Index

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Guide to Information Technology Security Services

Table of Contents
1. Introduction ......................................................................................................................1-1
1.1 Authority...................................................................................................................1-1
1.2 Purpose....................................................................................................................1-1
1.3 Limitations................................................................................................................1-2
1.4 Intended Audience ...................................................................................................1-2
1.5 Document Organization ...........................................................................................1-2
2. Roles and Responsibilities .............................................................................................2-1
2.1 Chief Information Officer ..........................................................................................2-1
2.2 Contracting Officer ...................................................................................................2-1
2.3 Contracting Officer’s Technical Representative .......................................................2-1
2.4 IT Investment Board (or equivalent).........................................................................2-1
2.5 IT Security Program Manager..................................................................................2-1
2.6 IT System Security Officer .......................................................................................2-1
2.7 Program Manager (Owner Of Data)/Acquisition Initiator .........................................2-2
2.8 Privacy Officer..........................................................................................................2-2
2.9 Other Participants ....................................................................................................2-2
3. IT Security Services .........................................................................................................3-1
3.1 Overview of IT Security Services .............................................................................3-1
3.2 Overview of IT Security Service Arrangements .......................................................3-1
3.3 Overview Of IT Security Services Management Tools.............................................3-2
3.4 Overview of IT Security Services Issues..................................................................3-2
3.5 General Considerations for IT Security Services .....................................................3-3
3.6 Organizational Conflict of Interest............................................................................3-5
4. IT Security Services Life Cycle .......................................................................................4-1
4.1 Phase 1: Initiation ...................................................................................................4-2
4.2 Phase 2: Assessment .............................................................................................4-3
4.2.1 Baseline Existing Environment .....................................................................4-4
4.2.2 Analyze Opportunities and Barriers..............................................................4-6
4.2.3 Identify Options and Risks............................................................................4-7
4.3 Phase 3: Solution....................................................................................................4-8
4.3.1 Develop the Business Case .........................................................................4-9
4.3.2 Develop the Service Arrangement ...............................................................4-9
4.3.3 Develop the Implementation Plan ..............................................................4-10
4.4 Phase 4: Implementation ......................................................................................4-10
4.4.1 Identify Service Provider and Develop Service Agreement........................4-11
4.4.2 Finalize and Execute the Implementation Plan ..........................................4-13
4.4.3 Manage Expectations.................................................................................4-13
4.5 Phase 5: Operations ..............................................................................................4-13
4.5.1 Monitor Service Provider Performance ......................................................4-14
4.5.2 Monitor and Measure Organization Performance.......................................4-14
4.5.3 Evaluate and Evolve...................................................................................4-15
4.6 Phase 6: Closeout.................................................................................................4-15
4.6.1 Select Appropriate Exit Strategy ................................................................4-16
4.6.2 Implement Appropriate Exit Strategy..........................................................4-16
Types of Services.............................................................................................................5-1
5.
5.1 Management Security Services ...............................................................................5-2
5.1.1 IT Security Program Development ...............................................................5-2
5.1.2 IT Security Policy..........................................................................................5-3
5.1.3 Risk Management ........................................................................................5-4
5.1.4 IT Security Architecture ................................................................................5-4
5.1.5 Certification and Accreditation......................................................................5-4
5.1.6 IT Security Product Evaluation .....................................................................5-5
5.2 Operational Security Services..................................................................................5-6
5.2.1 Contingency Planning ..................................................................................5-6
5.2.2 Incident Handling..........................................................................................5-7
5.2.3 Testing..........................................................................................................5-8
5.2.4 Training ........................................................................................................5-9
5.3 Technical Security Services...................................................................................5-11
5.3.1 Firewalls .....................................................................................................5-11
5.3.2 Intrusion Detection .....................................................................................5-11
5.3.3 Public Key Infrastructure ............................................................................5-12
Appendix A— REFERENCES ................................................................................................. A-1
Appendix B— ACRONYM LIST .............................................................................................. B-1
Appendix C— SERVICE AGREEMENT OUTLINE ................................................................ C–1
Appendix D— SAMPLE ACQUISITION LANGUAGE ........................................................... D–1
Appendix E— FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS............................................................. E–1


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Proceedings International Conference on Information, Process,and Knowledge Management

Table of Contents
Preface........................................................................................................................................................viii
Committees..................................................................................................................................................ix
eKNOW 1: Process Analysis & Modeling
A Model for Enhancing Knowledge Creation, Application, and Succession
While Facilitating Leadership Change within Virtual Work Environments ....................................................1
Michael Charles Hitson
Constraint Specification for Active Process Models .....................................................................................7
Kevin Finch and Weigang Wang
SLA-Driven Business Process Distribution .................................................................................................14
Faramarz Safi Esfahani, Masrah Azrifah Azmi Murad, Md. Nasir Sulaiman,
and Nur Izura Udzir
Process Diagnostics: A Method Based on Process Mining ........................................................................22
Melike Bozkaya, Joost Gabriels, and Jan Martijn van der Werf
eKNOW 2: Knowledge Management Systems
Encouraging the Reuse of Knowledge in Communitites of Practice by Using
a Trust Model ..............................................................................................................................................28
Aurora Vizcaíno, Javier Portillo-Rodríguez, Juan Pablo Soto, and Mario Piattini
Integrating Time into Spatially Represented Knowledge Structures ..........................................................34
Claus Atzenbeck and David L. Hicks
Visual Middle-Out Modeling of Problem Spaces ........................................................................................43
Andrea Valente
Enterprise Knowledge Clouds: Next Generation KM Systems? .................................................................49
Kemal A. Delic and Jeff A. Riley
eKNOW 3: Decision Support Systems
An Integrated Approach for Defining Pricing Strategies in Competitive Markets .......................................54
Gülfem Işıklar Alptekin and S. Emre Alptekin
Towards a Context-Based Dialog Management Layer for Expert Systems ...............................................60
Victor Hung, Avelino Gonzalez, and Ronald DeMara
Improving Semantic in the Decision Support System K-DSS .....................................................................66
Sabine Bruaux and Inès Saad
A Decision Support Methodology for the Control of Alternative Penalties - A
Case-Based Reasoning Approach .............................................................................................................72
Expedito Carlos Lopes, Ulrich Schiel, and Gilson Pereira dos Santos Jr.
eKNOW 4: Knowledge Fundamentals
Knowledge Management Challenges in Customer Support: A Case Study ...............................................78
Marko Jäntti, Kirsi Tanskanen, and Jukka Kaukola
The Method for a Summarization of Product Reviews Using the User's Opinion .......................................84
Jung-Yeon Yang, Jaeseok Myung, and Sang-goo Lee
Massive Pruning for Building an Operational Set of Association Rules:
Metarules for Eliminating Conflicting and Redundant Rules ......................................................................90
Martine Cadot and Alain Lelu
Exploring Knowledge Flow in Software Project Development ....................................................................99
Olivier Gendreau and Pierre N. Robillard
eKNOW 5: Knowledge Semantics Processing & Ontology
Ontology Development for a Manufacturing Data Base for Products
with Graded Properties .............................................................................................................................105
M. Reyes Perez, J. Gausemeier, and D. Nordsiek
Towards the Automation of Modeling Language Independent Schema
Integration .................................................................................................................................................110
Peter Bellström and Jürgen Vöhringer
Semantic Modelling of Collaborative Business Processes .......................................................................116
Witold Abramowicz, Konstanty Haniewicz, Monika Kaczmarek,
and Dominik Zyskowski
Ontology-Based Focused Crawling ..........................................................................................................123
Hiep Phuc Luong, Susan Gauch, and Qiang Wang
eKNOW 6: Information Management
Product Improvement by Selecting Appropriate Suppliers: A Case Study ...............................................129
S.Emre Alptekin and Gülfem Işıklar Alptekin
Towards Flexible Information Architecture for Fractal Information Systems ............................................135
Marite Kirikova
Proposing a Conceptual Readiness Assessment Model of MIS/IS Deployment
in Manufacturing Companies (A Case Study Conducted on the Applications
of the Suggested Model in MehrCamPars Co.1) ......................................................................................141
Jale Mirzaei and Fariborz Mosavi Madani
Improving the New Product Development Process through ICT Systems in
the Aerospace Industry – A Report on Case Study Research .................................................................147
Raul Brandao and Martin Wynn
Developing a Knowledge Sharing Platform: The Case of a Bio-Industry
Research Consortium ...............................................................................................................................153
Luc Cassivi, Anne-Laure Saives, Elkbir Labzagui, and Pierre Hadaya
Poster
Miology: A Web Application for Organizing Personal Domain Ontologies ...............................................159
Mirco Speretta and Susan Gauch
Author Index ............................................................................................................................................163


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Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2008

Contents
Index of Authors XII
Research Program Committee XIV
1 Recommender Systems in Tourism
T. Mahmood, F. Ricci, A. Venturini, and W. Hopken
Adaptive Recommender Systems for Travel Planning 1
S. Venkataiah, N. Sharda and M. Ponnada
A Comparative Study of Continuous and Discrete
Visualisation of Tourism Information 12
M. Zanker, M. Fuchs, W. Hopken, M. Tuta and N. Muller
Evaluating Recommender Systems in Tourism - A Case
Study from Austria 24
2 User Generated Content in Tourism
U. Gretzel and K. H. Yoo
Use and Impact of Online Travel Reviews 35
P. O'Connor
User-Generated Content and Travel: A Case Study on
Tripadvisor.Com 47
Y. Kang, J. Stasko, K. Luther, A. Ravi and Y. Xu
RevisiTour: Enriching the Tourism Experience with
User-Generated Content 59
3 Online Communities
J. Y.Chung and D. Buhalis
Web 2.0: A Study of Online Travel Community 70
I. Arsal, S. Backman and E. Baldwin
Influence of an Online Travel Community on Travel Decisions 82
P. Carrera, C. Chiu, P. Pratipwattanawong, S. Chienwattanasuk,
S. F. Syed-Ahmad and J. Murphy
MySpace, My Friends, My Customers 94
4 Web Services
R. Baggio, M. Antonioli Corigliano and M. Monetti
Web Services as a Technology to Support a Global
Tourism Offer 106
J. O. Daramola, M. O. Adigun and O. O. Olugbara
A Product Line Architecture for Evolving Intelligent
Component Services in Tourism Information Systems 117
M. T. Linaza, F. Lolhoffel, A. Garcia, C. Lamsfus,
A. Alzua-Sorzabal and A. Lazkano
Mash-up Applications for Small Destination Management
Organizations Websites 130
5 Web 2.0 and Tourism
B. Stangl and C. Weismayer
Websites and Virtual Realities: A Useful Marketing Tool
Combination? An Exploratory Investigation 141
R. Schegg, A. Liebrich, M. Scaglione and S. F. Syed-Ahmad
An Exploratory Field Study of Web 2.0 in Tourism 152
W. Drews
A Web 2.0 Tourism Information System for Accessible Tourism 164
6 Dynamic Packaging
M. Markus and M. Lassnig
Some Critical Remarks on Dynamic Packaging from the
Perspective of SMEs and Small Tourism Destinations 175
A. Jagersberger and K. Waldhor
Dynamic Packaging Using a Cluster Based Demographic
Filtering Approach 186
F. Zach, U. Gretzel and D. R. Fesenmaier
Tourist Activated Networks: Implications for Dynamic
Packaging Systems in Tourism 198
7 Destination Management Systems
K. Teichmann and A. H. Zins
Information Elements on DM0-Websites: Alternative
Approaches for Measuring Perceived Utility 209
F. Bedard, M. C. Louillet, A. Vemer and M. C. Joly
Implementation of a Destination Management System
Interface in Tourist Information Centres and Its Impact 220
R. Daniele and A. J. Frew
Evolving Destination Systems: VisitScotland.com 232
8 Hotel Electronic Distribution I
A. Dickinger and J. Mazanec
Consumers' Preferred Criteria for Hotel Online Booking 244
R. Leung and R. Law
Analyzing a Hotel Website's Access Paths 255
S. Qi, R. Leung, R. Law and D. Buhalis
A Study of Information Richness and Downloading Time
for Hotel Websites in Hong Kong 267
9 Hotel Electronic Distribution H
M. Fuchs, M. Tuta and W. Hopken
Adoption of E-mail Marketing in the Hotel Sector 279
M. Fuchs, W. Hopken, A. Eybl and J. Ulrich
Selling Accommodation Packages in Online Auctions -
The Case of eBay 291
N. H. Hashim, S. F. Syed-Ahmad and J. Murphy
Evolving Internet Use by Malaysian Hotels 303
10 Mobile Technology and Tourism
E. Haid, G. Kiechle, N. Goll and M. Soutschek
Evaluation of a Web-based and Mobile Ski Touring
Application for GPS-enabled Smartphones 313
I. Tjostheim and D. R. Fesenmaier
Mobile Devices as Substitute or Supplement to Traditional
Information Sources: City Tourists, Mobile Guides and
GPS Navigation 324
I. Huvila, K. Uotila, J. P. Paalassalo, J. Huurre and S. Verajankorva
Passages to Medieval Archipelago: From Mobile Information
Technology to Mobile Archaeological Information 336
11 Travel Technology
P. S. Merten and S. Teufel
Technological Innovations in the Passenger Process of the
Airline Industry: A Hypotheses Generating Explorative Study 348
A. Zehrer and P. Moschl
New Distribution Channels and Business Strategies for
Location-based Travel Agencies 359
V. Garkavenko and S. Milne
New Zealand Travel Agents in the Internet Era: Spatial
Differences in ICT Impact, Adoption and Perception 371
12 Tourism Destinations
D. Buhalis and L. Pistidda
The Impact of WiMAX on Tourist Destinations 383
I. P. Tussyadiah, D. R. Fesenmaier and Y. Yoo
Designing Interactions in Tourism Mediascape -
Identification of Patterns for Mobile 2.0 Platform 395
M. Bauer, C. Herzog, H. Werthner, B. Dippelreiter and K. Prantner
A Case Study on Automating Information Aggregation
Processes in Information Centres 407
13 Technology Acceptance
N. Mitsche, S. Reino, D. Knox and U. Bauemfeind
Enhancing Cultural Tourism e-Services through Heritage
Interpretation 418
P. Alford
Open Space - a Collaborative Process for Facilitating
Tourism IT Partnerships 430
S. Ham, W. G. Kim and H. W. Forsythe
Determinants of Restaurant Employees' Technology Use
Intention: Validating Technology Acceptance Model with
External Factors via Structural Equation Model 441
14 Knowing the Customer
K. Waldhor and A. Rind
etB logAnalysis -Mining Virtual Communities using Statistical
and Linguistic Methods for Quality Control in Tourism 453
M. Sigala
Developing and Implementing an eCRM 2.0 Strategy: Usage
and Readiness of Greek Tourism Firms 463
R. Ahas, E. Saluveer, M. Tim and S. Silm
Mobile Positioning Based Tourism Monitoring System:
Positium Barometer 475


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